Acidosis (Metabolic +/- anion gap)

Anion gap : K+ + Na+ - Cl- - HCO3 = 8 - 16 mmol/l

Metabolic Acidosis and Anion Gap
Metabolic acidosis with a high anion gap Metabolic acidosis with a normal AG

M

Methanol

P

Potassium sparing diuretics

U

Urea

A

Acetazolamide

D

DKA (and AKA)

R

Rhabdomyolysis /RTA

P

Paraldehyde / Phenformin

A

Alimentation feeding

I

Iron / isoniazid

M

Mineral Acids

L

Lactic acidosis (shock / hypoperfusion / infection)

E

Enterostomy

E

Ethanol / Ethylene glycol

D

Diarrhoea

S

Salicylate/Solvents/Starvation

I

Intestinal fistula
   

C

Cholestyramine

Back to blood gases, lactic acidosis

Content drafted by  Dr Íomhar O' Sullivan.    Published 24/07/2000.   Reviewed by Dr ÍOS 12/02/2004, 18/05/2005, 13/05/2007, 13/05/2008. Last review Dr ÍOS 11/10/10